On tt-extensions of the Hankel determinants of certain automatic sequences

In 1998, Allouche, Peyri\`ere, Wen and Wen considered the Thue--Morse sequence, and proved that all the Hankel determinants of the period-doubling sequence are odd integral numbers. We speak of $t$-extension when the entries along the diagonal in the Hankel determinant are all multiplied by~$t$. Then we prove that the $t$-extension of each Hankel determinant of the period-doubling sequence is a polynomial in $t$, whose leading coefficient is the {\it only one} to be an odd integral number. Our proof makes use of the combinatorial set-up developed by Bugeaud and Han, which appears to be very suitable for this study, as the parameter $t$ counts the number of fixed points of a permutation. Finally, we prove that all the $t$-extensions of the Hankel determinants of the regular paperfolding sequence are polynomials in $t$ of degree less than or equal to $3$

The effects of KSEA interaction on the ground-state properties of spin chains in a transverse field

The effects of symmetric helical interaction which is called the Kaplan, Shekhtman, Entin-Wohlman, and Aharony (KSEA) interaction on the ground-state properties of three kinds of spin chains in a transverse field have been studied by means of correlation functions and chiral order parameter. We find that the anisotropic transition of $XY$ chain in a transverse field ($XY$TF) disappears because of the KSEA interaction. For the other two chains, we find that the regions of gapless chiral phases in the parameter space induced by the DM or $XZY-YZX$ type of three-site interaction are decreased gradually with increase of the strength of KSEA interaction. When it is larger than the coefficient of DM or $XZY-YZX$ type of three-site interaction, the gapless chiral phases also disappear.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figure